Water Rates and Conservation

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Rate setting is part of a complex process that includes demand forecasting, cost of service analysis, customer class cost allocation, and determining revenue requirements. There are also political and regulatory factors at play. Additionally, water providers are natural monopolies and rates must be reasonable and prudent, and equitable and nondiscriminatory.

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In the wake of flat or falling sales revenues, many a water (and energy) utility have turned to the idea of raising fixed charges. This might seem logical, given that water services require substantial fixed infrastructure costs; that is, they are particularly capital intensive. Monopolies are...
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